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It was found that most people who were vaccinated with the ancestral strain of COVID-19 (Wuhan strain) were protected against the delta variant but not against the Omicron variant. PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) and serum were obtained from five successfully vaccinated individuals with good neutralizing antibody titres and cytotoxic (CTL) activity against the Wuhan strain-infected targets. Pooled serum was transferred into unrelated recipient "A" and pooled purified T cells were transferred into unrelated recipient "B". Which one of the following is likely to be observed?

Question: It was found that most people who were vaccinated with the ancestral strain of COVID-19 (Wuhan strain) were protected against the delta variant but not against the Omicron variant. PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) and serum were obtained from five successfully vaccinated individuals with good neutralizing antibody titres and cytotoxic (CTL) activity against the Wuhan strain-infected targets. Pooled serum was transferred into unrelated recipient "A" and pooled purified T cells were transferred into unrelated recipient "B". Which one of the following is likely to be observed?

1." A " will be protected against both the ancestral strain and the delta variant.

2."B" will be protected against ancestral strain but not against the delta variant.

3. "A" will be protected against infection with the Omicron variant.

4."A" will make antibodies against interferon gamma present in the donor serum.

Answer: 1. "A" will be protected against both the ancestral strain and the Delta variant.

Facts About Pooled Serum and T-Cell:

Pooled Serum: Pooled serum from recovered COVID-19 patients contains neutralizing antibodies that block the SARS-CoV-2 virus from entering cells. In addition to antibodies, pooled serum includes cytokines, complement proteins, and immune modulators that help reduce inflammation and enhance viral clearance.

T Cell: T cells are essential for adaptive immunity, targeting infected cells and supporting long-term immune responses; they require antigen presentation and activation.

Cytotoxic T Cells: Cytotoxic T cells are small T lymphocytes that originate from stem cells in the bone marrow and mature in the thymus. Most cells that mediate MHC-restricted cytotoxicity are CD8+ and recognize antigens in association with MHC Class I molecules.


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