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Feedback regulation in biosynthesis of BCAA

 


Answer: 3. Leu will decrease and both Val and Ile will increase.

Explanation:
  • The problem states that IPMS activity is regulated exclusively by Leu, and the diagram shows that Leu is a product of the IPMS pathway. The RNAi knockdown of IPMS would lead to a decrease in the production of Leu.
  • The diagram also shows that both Leu and Val synergistically regulate the activity of AHAS. With a decrease in Leu, the inhibitory effect on AHAS is reduced, leading to an increase in AHAS activity.
  • An increase in AHAS activity leads to an increase in the production of 2-Oxoisovalerate, which is a precursor for both Val and the IPMS pathway.
  • Therefore, the concentration of Val will increase.
  • The problem states that Ile regulates TD activity, while Val can relax this feedback regulation. With an increase in Val, the feedback regulation on TD by Ile is relaxed, leading to an increase in TD activity and consequently an increase in the production of Ile. 
  • Therefore, the correct option is that Leu will decrease and both Val and Ile will increase.

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